Which color of light undergoes the least scattering due to the atmosphere?

Cinematography makes use of

Every colour travels with the same speed in a transparent medium.

In the eye of a person suffering from hypermetropia (farsightedness),where is the image of a nearby object formed?

$A$ beam of white light falling on a glass prism gets split up into seven colours marked $1$ to $7$ as shown in the diagram.
$(a)$ The colours at positions marked $3$ and $5$ are similar to the colour of the sky and the colour of gold metal respectively. Is the above statement made by the student correct or incorrect? Justify.
$(b)$ Which of the above shown positions corresponds approximately to the colour of:
$(i)$ a brinjal
$(ii)$ danger signal
$(iii)$ neel (indigo) which is applied to clothes
$(iv)$ orange

What are hypermetropia and myopia? What are their causes? How are they rectified?