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(D) When two identical capacitors of capacitance $C$ are charged to potentials $V_1$ and $V_2$ respectively,their initial charges are $Q_1 = CV_1$ and

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(D) When two identical capacitors of capacitance $C$ are charged to potentials $V_1$ and $V_2$ respectively,their initial charges are $Q_1 = CV_1$ and $Q_2 = CV_2$.When connected in parallel,the total charge $Q_{net} = Q_1 + Q_2$ is conserved.The capacitors reach a common potential $V_{common} = \frac{Q_1 + Q_2}{C + C} = \frac{V_1 + V_2}{2}$.Since $V_{common} = \frac{V_1 + V_2}{2}$,the net potential difference is not equal to the sum of the initial potential differences $(V_1 + V_2)$.During the redistribution of charge,some energy is dissipated as heat due to the flow of charge through the connecting wires.Therefore,the final total energy stored $U_f = \frac{1}{2}(2C)V_{common}^2$ is always less than the initial total energy $U_i = \frac{1}{2}CV_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}CV_2^2$.

When two identical capacitors are charged individually to different potentials and then connected in parallel,after disconnecting from the source . . . . . .

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