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(D) In $\alpha$ decay,the nucleus emits an $\alpha$ particle $(^4_2He)$,so the atomic number $Z$ decreases by $2$ and the mass number $A$ decreases by

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all of the above.

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(D) In $\alpha$ decay,the nucleus emits an $\alpha$ particle $(^4_2He)$,so the atomic number $Z$ decreases by $2$ and the mass number $A$ decreases by $4$.In $\beta^+$ decay (positron emission),a proton converts into a neutron,so the atomic number $Z$ decreases by $1$ while the mass number $A$ remains unchanged.In $\gamma$ decay,the nucleus transitions from an excited state to a lower energy state by emitting a photon,so neither $Z$ nor $A$ changes.Since all the given statements are correct,the correct option is $D$.

When a nucleus with atomic number $Z$ and mass number $A$ undergoes a radioactive decay process:

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