What is the importance of $DNA$ copying in reproduction? Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual? Explain.

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(N/A) $DNA$ copying is an essential part of reproduction because it ensures that the same blueprint of the body design is passed on to the offspring.
Variation is beneficial to the species because it allows populations to adapt to changing environmental conditions,ensuring the survival of the species over time.
However,variation is not necessarily beneficial for the individual because a specific variation might not provide an immediate advantage to that organism in its current environment,and in some cases,it could even be harmful or neutral.

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In the following crosses,write the characteristics of the progeny:
CrossProgeny
$(a)$ $RR YY \times RR YY$ (Round,yellow $\times$ Round,yellow)..........
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$(c)$ $rr yy \times rr yy$ (Wrinkled,green $\times$ Wrinkled,green)..........
$(d)$ $RR YY \times rr yy$ (Round,yellow $\times$ Wrinkled,green)..........

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Explain the following scenarios in a group of organisms,providing reasons for each:
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What evidences can suggest that, "Modern human beings have originated in Africa"?

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