What is the distance between the pole and the principal focus of a spherical mirror called?

Which type of an image is formed by a plane mirror?

$(a)$ Draw a ray diagram in each of the following cases to show the position and nature of the image formed when an object is placed:
$(i)$ Between the focus and the centre of curvature of a concave mirror.
$(ii)$ Between the focus and the pole of a concave mirror.
$(iii)$ Between the centre of curvature and infinity for a concave mirror.
$(b)$ Give mathematical formulae for determining the magnification produced by a spherical mirror. What does $m = -1$ signify? Identify the mirror that can produce it.

An object $3 \, cm$ high is placed at a distance of $20 \, cm$ in front of a convex lens of focal length $12 \, cm$. Find the position,nature,and size of the image formed.

The figure below shows a lens treated as a combination of two prisms and a glass block. $(i)$ Name the lens formed by the combination. $(ii)$ Is the lens converging or diverging? $(iii)$ Draw the refraction of two incident rays to illustrate the property of the lens mentioned by you in part $(ii).$

Where is the image formed when an object is placed between the principal focus $(F)$ and the center of curvature $(C)$ of a concave mirror?