What is produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates present in green plant tissues?

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

In the industrial sector,the production of enzymes is mostly carried out by which of the following?

Who established the full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic?

Assertion $A$: Cyclosporin-$A$ is used in organ transplantation of patients.
Reason $R$: It reduces the cholesterol level in the blood.
Which option is correct for Assertion $A$ and Reason $R$?

Which of the following is a very common substrate used in the production of alcohol (ethanol) in distilleries?