What is meant by the following?
$(i)$ Molar mass
$(ii)$ Valency

$(i)$ Name the body which approves the nomenclature of elements and compounds.
$(ii)$ The symbol of sodium is written as $Na$ and not as $S$. Give reason.
$(iii)$ Name one element which forms diatomic and one which forms tetraatomic molecules.

Which of the following species have $18$ electrons? $Ca^{2+}, K^{+}, Na, Cl^{-}, Ar$. Also,state the reason why the chemical properties of all isotopes of an element are similar.

Which of the following compounds contain polyatomic ions?
$NaOH, NaCl, Na_{2}O, NaNO_{3}$

$(a)$ Calculate the percentage of oxygen in $H_{2}O_{2}$.
$(b)$ Calculate the number of moles in $56 \, g$ of nitrogen gas $(N_{2})$.
$(c)$ Calculate the mass of $0.50$ moles of $Ca$ atoms.
$(d)$ Find out the number of particles in:
$(i)$ $5$ moles of methane gas $(CH_{4})$
$(ii)$ $92 \, g$ of sodium $(Na)$
(Atomic masses: $H=1, O=16, N=14, Ca=40, Na=23$)

Write the names of the following compounds:
$(a)$ $NiS$
$(b)$ $Mg(NO_3)_2$
$(c)$ $Na_2SO_4$
$(d)$ $Al(NO_3)_3$
$(e)$ $K_3PO_4$
$(f)$ $Ca_3N_2$