Variation is useful for the survival of species over a long time. However,the variants have unequal chances of survival. Explain this statement.

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(N/A) Each population survives and interacts within a specific environment. Any drastic change in ecological conditions can negatively impact the population,potentially leading to damage or even extinction. Organisms within a species that possess beneficial variations are more likely to survive these environmental changes. These surviving individuals can then reproduce and pass on their advantageous traits,eventually leading to the development of a new species or the adaptation of the existing one.

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Give reasons for the appearance of new combinations of characters in the $F_2$ progeny.

$(a)$ "Recent fossils are found closer to the earth's surface." Comment on the statement stating reason.
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The continuity of features from one generation to another is known as

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