Two wires of different materials have same length $L$ and same diameter $d$. The second wire is connected at the end of the first wire and forms one single wire of double the length. This wire is subjected to a stretching force $F$ to produce an elongation $\ell$. The two wires have:

$A$ metal string $A$ is suspended from a rigid support and its free end is attached to a block of mass $M$. $A$ second block having mass $2M$ is suspended at the bottom of the first block using a string $B$. The area of cross-sections of strings $A$ and $B$ are the same. The ratio of lengths of strings $A$ to $B$ is $2$ and the ratio of their Young's moduli $(Y_A/Y_B)$ is $0.5$. The ratio of elongations in $A$ to $B$ is . . . . . . .

$A$ load of $1 \,kg$ weight is attached to one end of a steel wire of area of cross-section $3 \,mm^2$ and Young's modulus $10^{11} \,N/m^2$. The other end is suspended vertically from a hook on a wall, then the load is pulled horizontally and released. When the load passes through its lowest position, the fractional change in length is $(g = 10 \,m/s^2)$.

Two wires $A$ and $B$ of the same length are made of the same material. The load $(F)$ vs. elongation $(x)$ graph for these two wires is shown in the figure. Which of the following statement$(s)$ is/are true?

$A$ steel rod of radius $20 \ mm$ and length $2 \ m$ is acted upon by a force of $400 \ kN$ along its length. The values of stress and strain are respectively $(Y_{\text{steel}} = 2 \times 10^{11} \ N \ m^{-2})$.

Write the equation of bending in a rod. Write the unit of bending and its dimensional formula.