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(D) Let the capacitance of each capacitor be $C$. Initially,they are connected in parallel and charged to potential $V$. The charge on each capacitor

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The potential difference across the free plates becomes $2\,V$.

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(D) Let the capacitance of each capacitor be $C$. Initially,they are connected in parallel and charged to potential $V$. The charge on each capacitor is $Q = CV$.When they are separated and connected in series such that the positive plate of one is connected to the negative plate of the other,the total charge on the connected plates is $+Q + (-Q) = 0$.Since the plates are isolated,the charge on each capacitor remains $Q = CV$.In the series combination,the potential difference across each capacitor is $V$. Since they are connected in series with opposite polarities,the total potential difference across the free plates is $V + V = 2\,V$.

Two identical capacitors are joined in parallel,charged to a potential $V$ and then separated and then connected in series,i.e.,the positive plate of one is connected to the negative plate of the other. What happens to the system?

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