Two cells,when connected in series,are balanced on $8 \; m$ on a potentiometer. If the cells are connected such that the polarity of one of the cells is reversed,they balance on $2 \; m$. The ratio of the $e.m.f.$'s of the two cells is:

$A$ $2\,V$ battery,a $15\,\Omega$ resistor,and a potentiometer of $100\,cm$ length are all connected in series. If the resistance of the potentiometer wire is $5\,\Omega$,then the potential gradient of the potentiometer wire is ............... $V/cm$.

In the determination of the internal resistance of a cell with a potentiometer,the error in the measurement of the balancing length is $\pm 1 \text{ mm}$. When the cell alone is connected in the circuit,the balancing length is obtained at $60 \text{ cm}$ and when the cell is shunted with a resistance of $10 \Omega \pm 2 \%$,the balancing length is obtained at $50 \text{ cm}$. The error in the determination of the internal resistance of the cell is (in $\%$)

$A$ cell,shunted by an $8 \; \Omega$ resistance,is balanced across a potentiometer wire of length $3 \; m$. The balancing length is $2 \; m$ when the cell is shunted by a $4 \; \Omega$ resistance. The value of internal resistance of the cell will be $\dots \; \Omega$.

$A$ $6\,V$ battery of negligible internal resistance is connected across a uniform wire $AB$ of length $100\,cm$. The positive terminal of another battery of $emf$ $4\,V$ and internal resistance $1\,\Omega$ is joined to the point $A$ as shown in the figure. Take the potential at $B$ to be zero. At which point $D$ of the wire $AB$,measured from $A$,is the potential equal to the potential at $C$? ...................... $cm$ (approximately)

In the experiment of calibration of a voltmeter,a standard cell of $e.m.f. = 1.1 \text{ V}$ is balanced against $440 \text{ cm}$ of a potentiometer wire. The potential difference across a resistance is found to balance against $220 \text{ cm}$ of the wire. The corresponding reading of the voltmeter is $0.5 \text{ V}$. The error in the reading of the voltmeter will be ................. $V$.