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(C) Iodine is essential for the synthesis of the hormone thyroxine. When toxic agents in food interfere with the uptake of iodine or the synthesis of

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simple goitre

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(C) Iodine is essential for the synthesis of the hormone thyroxine. When toxic agents in food interfere with the uptake of iodine or the synthesis of thyroxine,the thyroid gland is unable to produce sufficient amounts of the hormone. This leads to a decrease in thyroxine levels in the blood. In response to this deficiency,the anterior pituitary gland secretes more thyroid-stimulating hormone $(TSH)$,which causes the thyroid gland to enlarge in an attempt to compensate for the lack of hormone production. This enlargement of the thyroid gland is known as simple goitre or endemic goitre. Therefore,the correct option is $C$.

Toxic agents present in food which interfere with thyroxine synthesis lead to the development of

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