To determine the masses of the isotopes of an element,which of the following techniques is useful?

  • A
    The acceleration of charged atoms by an electric field and their subsequent deflection by a variable magnetic field
  • B
    The spectroscopic examination of the light emitted by vaporised elements subjected to electric discharge
  • C
    The photographing of the diffraction patterns which arise when $X$-rays are passed through crystals
  • D
    The bombardment of metal foil with alpha particles

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