Thermodynamic processes are indicated in the following diagram. Match the following:
Column-$1$Column-$2$
$P$: Process-$I$$A$: Adiabatic
$Q$: Process-$II$$B$: Isobaric
$R$: Process-$III$$C$: Isochoric
$S$: Process-$IV$$D$: Isothermal

  • A
    $P \to C, Q \to A, R \to D, S \to B$
  • B
    $P \to C, Q \to D, R \to B, S \to A$
  • C
    $P \to D, Q \to B, R \to A, S \to C$
  • D
    $P \to A, Q \to C, R \to D, S \to B$

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In Column $-I$ processes and in Column $-II$ formulas of work are given. Match them appropriately:
Column $-I$ Column $-II$
$(a)$ Isothermal process $(i)$ $W = \frac{\mu R(T_1 - T_2)}{\gamma - 1}$
$(b)$ Adiabatic process $(ii)$ $W = P\Delta V$
$(iii)$ $W = 2.303\mu RT \log_{10} \left( \frac{V_2}{V_1} \right)$

Consider the thermodynamic cycle shown on the $PV$ diagram. The process $A \rightarrow B$ is isobaric,$B \rightarrow C$ is isochoric,and $C \rightarrow A$ is a straight-line process. The following internal energy change and heat are given: $\Delta U_{A \rightarrow B} = + 400 \text{ kJ}$ and $Q_{B \rightarrow C} = - 500 \text{ kJ}$. The heat flow in the process $Q_{C \rightarrow A}$ is ...... $\text{kJ}$.

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An ideal gas is subjected to a cyclic process involving four thermodynamic states. The amounts of heat $(Q)$ and work $(W)$ involved in each of these states are:
$Q_1 = 6000 \ J, Q_2 = -5500 \ J, Q_3 = -3000 \ J, Q_4 = 3500 \ J$
$W_1 = 2500 \ J, W_2 = -1000 \ J, W_3 = -1200 \ J, W_4 = x \ J$
The ratio of the net work done by the gas to the total heat absorbed by the gas is $\eta$. The values of $x$ and $\eta$ respectively are:

$A$ cyclic process $ABCDA$ is shown in the $P-V$ diagram. Which of the following curves represent the same process?

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Suppose an ideal gas ($n$ moles) undergoes an expansion process $P = f(V)$ which passes through the point $(V_0, P_0)$. If the slope of the curve $P = f(V)$ is greater than the slope of the adiabatic curve passing through $(V_0, P_0)$,show that the gas absorbs heat at $(V_0, P_0)$.

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