There is greater biodiversity in tropical/subtropical regions than in temperate regions. Explain.

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(N/A) Speciation is generally a function of time. Unlike temperate regions,which were subjected to frequent glaciations in the past,tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years and thus,had a long evolutionary time for species diversification.
Tropical environments,unlike temperate ones,are less seasonal,relatively more constant,and predictable. Such constant environments promote niche specialization and lead to a greater species diversity.
There is more solar energy available in the tropics,which contributes to higher productivity; this,in turn,might contribute indirectly to greater diversity.

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Choose the incorrect sentence$(s)$ regarding latitudinal gradients.
$(I)$ Biodiversity throughout the world shows uneven distribution.
$(II)$ According to latitudinal gradient,there is no major difference in biodiversity.
$(III)$ Species diversity increases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.
$(IV)$ Biodiversity increases as we move from temperate to tropical regions.

For which of the following will the slope of the $Z$ line be steeper?

$A$ species-area curve is drawn by plotting the number of species against the area. Why is the slope of the regression line steeper when a very large area (like an entire continent) is considered compared to smaller areas?

Select the incorrect statement with respect to greater biological diversity in the tropics.

Given $S =$ species richness,$A =$ area,$Z =$ slope of the line,and $C =$ $Y$-intercept. If area is on the $X$-axis and species richness is on the $Y$-axis,what will the graph of $\log S = \log C + Z \log A$ look like?

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