The relation between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa turns out to be a rectangular hyperbola. Give a brief explanation.

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(N/A) The relationship between species richness and area is described by the equation $S = CA^Z$,where:
$S$ = Species richness
$A$ = Area
$Z$ = Slope of the line (regression coefficient)
$C$ = $Y$-intercept
When plotted on a normal scale,this equation results in a rectangular hyperbola. However,when the relationship is analyzed on a logarithmic scale,it becomes a linear equation: $\log S = \log C + Z \log A$.
This relationship indicates that within a region,species richness increases with increasing explored area,but only up to a limit.

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Match the correct pair.
Column $- I$ Column $- II$ (Bird species)
$(a)$ Colombia $(p)\; 1200$
$(b)$ $41^o N$ New York $(q)\; 1400$
$(c)$ India $(r)\; 105$
$(d)$ Greenland at $71^o N$ $(s)\; 56$

$A$: Tropical regions are more diversity-rich in comparison to temperate areas.
$R$: Availability of more solar energy directly contributes to higher productivity and species richness in these areas.

Which one of the following reasons is proposed for the greater species diversity in tropical environments compared to temperate ones?

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According to ecologists,what is the value of $Z$ in the species-area relationship equation $log \, S = log \, C + Z \, log \, A$?

Which is not a reason for maximum diversity in the tropics?

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