The ratio of the volume of an $Al^{27}$ nucleus to its surface area is (Given,$R_0 = 1.2 \times 10^{-15} \ m$):

As the mass number $A$ increases,which of the following quantities related to a nucleus does not change?

The distance between two nucleons for which the potential energy is minimum,is (in $fm$)

In a periodic table,the average atomic mass of magnesium is given as $24.312 \; u$. This average value is based on their relative natural abundance on Earth. The three isotopes and their masses are $_{12}^{24} Mg \; (23.98504 \; u)$,$_{12}^{25} Mg \; (24.98584 \; u)$,and $_{12}^{26} Mg \; (25.98259 \; u)$. The natural abundance of $_{12}^{24} Mg$ is $78.99 \%$. Calculate the abundances of the other two isotopes.

$F_{pp}$,$F_{nn}$,and $F_{np}$ are the nuclear forces between proton-proton,neutron-neutron,and neutron-proton respectively. Then the relation between them is:

Assertion: Separation of isotopes is possible because of the difference in electron numbers of isotopes.
Reason: Isotopes of an element can be separated by using a mass spectrometer.