The process of RNA interference (RNAi) has be | vedclass

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(A) $RNA$ interference $(RNAi)$ is a method used to develop plants resistant to nematodes. Many nematodes live in plants and animals, including human

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nematodes

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(A) $RNA$ interference $(RNAi)$ is a method used to develop plants resistant to nematodes. Many nematodes live in plants and animals, including human beings. A nematode, $Meloidogyne incognita$, infests the roots of tobacco plants and causes a significant reduction in yield. A novel strategy was adopted to prevent this infection based on the process of $RNA$ interference $(RNAi)$. $RNAi$ involves the silencing of a specific $mRNA$ due to a complementary $dsRNA$ molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the $mRNA$. By introducing nematode-specific genes into the host plant, the plant produces both sense and anti-sense $RNA$ in the host cells. These two $RNA$ strands form a double-stranded $RNA$ $(dsRNA)$ that initiates $RNAi$ and silences the specific $mRNA$ of the nematode, thereby protecting the plant from infestation.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ $Bacillus \text{ } thuringiensis$	$(1)$ $Nematode$
$(b)$ $Meloidogyne \text{ } incognitia$	$(2)$ $Cry \text{ } protein$
$(c)$ $Agrobacterium$	$(3)$ $Genetically \text{ } engineered \text{ } insulin$
$(d)$ $E. \text{ } coli$	$(4)$ $Ti \text{ } plasmid$

The process of $RNA$ interference $(RNAi)$ has been used in the development of plants resistant to

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