The loss of strength of a signal while propagating through a medium is known as

In an amplitude modulation,a modulating signal having amplitude of $X$ Volt is superimposed with a carrier signal of amplitude $Y$ Volt in the first case. In the second case,the same modulating signal is superimposed with a different carrier signal of amplitude $2Y$ Volt. The ratio of the modulation index in the two cases respectively will be:

The radio horizon of the transmission of an antenna placed on the $20^{\text{th}}$ floor in a shopping mall,where the height of each floor is $2 \,m$,is (Radius of Earth is $6.4 \times 10^6 \,m$): (in $\,km$)

In an amplitude modulator circuit,the carrier wave is given by $C(t) = 4 \sin(20000 \pi t)$ and the modulating signal is given by $m(t) = 2 \sin(2000 \pi t)$. The values of the modulation index and the lower sideband frequency are:

$A$ transmitting antenna of height $20 \,m$ and a receiving antenna of height $h$ are separated by a distance of $40 \,km$ for satisfactory communication in line-of-sight $(LOS)$ mode. The value of $h$ is (Given: radius of Earth is $6400 \,km$). (in $\,m$)

The frequency range suitable for beyond-the-horizon communication using sky waves is: