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(D) In the photoelectric effect,the stopping potential $(V_0)$ depends only on the material (work function) and the frequency of the incident radiatio

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$1$ and $2$

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(D) In the photoelectric effect,the stopping potential $(V_0)$ depends only on the material (work function) and the frequency of the incident radiation. For a fixed frequency,the stopping potential is a characteristic of the material.Looking at the graph,curves $1$ and $2$ intersect the voltage axis at the same point,meaning they have the same stopping potential. Therefore,curves $1$ and $2$ represent the same material.Similarly,curves $3$ and $4$ intersect the voltage axis at a different,common point,meaning they represent another material with a different work function.Thus,the pairs that represent the same material are $(1, 2)$ and $(3, 4)$.

The graph given in the figure shows the variation of photocurrent $(I)$ with the applied voltage $(V)$ for two different materials and for two different intensities of incident radiation. Which of the following pairs of curves represent the same material?

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