The formation of the oxide ion $O^{2-}_{(g)}$ requires first an exothermic and then an endothermic step as shown below:
$O_{(g)} + e^- \to O^-_{(g)}; \Delta H = -142 \ kJ/mol$
$O^-_{(g)} + e^- \to O^{2-}_{(g)}; \Delta H = 844 \ kJ/mol$
This is because:

  • A
    $O^-$ ion has a comparatively larger size than the oxygen atom.
  • B
    Oxygen has high electron affinity.
  • C
    $O^-$ ion will lead to resisting the addition of another electron.
  • D
    Oxygen is more electronegative.

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