The figure shows a system of two concentric spheres of radii $r_1$ and $r_2$ kept at temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$,respectively. The radial rate of flow of heat in a substance between the two concentric spheres is proportional to

The thickness of a uniform rectangular metal plate is $5 \ mm$ and the area of each surface is $5 \ cm^2$. In steady state,the temperature difference between the two surfaces of the plate is $14^{\circ} C$. If the heat flowing through the plate in one second from one surface to the other surface is $42 \ J$,then the thermal conductivity of the metal is

$A$ metal rod of length $10 \text{ cm}$ and area of cross-section $2.8 \times 10^{-4} \text{ m}^2$ is covered with a non-conducting substance. One end of it is maintained at $80^{\circ} \text{C}$,while the other end is put in ice at $0^{\circ} \text{C}$. It is found that $20 \text{ g}$ of ice melts in $5 \text{ min}$. The thermal conductivity of the metal in $\text{J s}^{-1} \text{ m}^{-1} \text{ K}^{-1}$ is (Latent heat of ice is $80 \text{ cal g}^{-1}$.)

$A$ $5 \ cm$ thick ice block is present on the surface of water in a lake. The temperature of the air is $-10^{\circ}C$. How much time will it take to double the thickness of the block? (Given: $L = 80 \ cal/g$,$K_{ice} = 0.004 \ cal/s \cdot cm \cdot ^{\circ}C$,$\rho_{ice} = 0.92 \ g/cm^3$)

Two rods have thermal conductivities $K$ and $3K$ and lengths $1 \ cm$ and $2 \ cm$ respectively. Their cross-sectional areas are equal. They are joined in series as shown in the figure. If the temperatures of the outer ends of this composite rod are $0^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ respectively,find the junction temperature $\phi$ in $^{\circ}C$.

Three rods of identical cross-section and lengths are made of three different materials of thermal conductivity $K_{1}, K_{2},$ and $K_{3}$,respectively. They are joined together at their ends to make a long rod. One end of the long rod is maintained at $100^{\circ} C$ and the other at $0^{\circ} C$. If the joints of the rod are at $70^{\circ} C$ and $20^{\circ} C$ in steady state and there is no loss of energy from the surface of the rod,the correct relationship between $K_{1}, K_{2}$ and $K_{3}$ is: