The ecologically fixed and genetically irreversible species are called

Phenotypic variants formed in a population due to change in environment are called

Consider the following four conditions $(1-4)$ and select a correct pair of them as adaptations to the environment in desert lizards.
Conditions:
$1$. Burrowing in soil to escape high temperature.
$2$. Losing heat rapidly from the body during high temperature.
$3$. Bask in sun when temperature is low.
$4$. Insulating body due to thick fatty dermis.

Give an example for:
$(a)$ An endothermic animal
$(b)$ An ectothermic animal
$(c)$ An organism of benthic zone

Give scientific reasons: Thermoregulation is more effectively achieved in larger animals than in smaller ones.

Rainfall is absent but precipitation occurs in