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(B) According to Kepler's second law,the angular momentum of a planet revolving around the sun is conserved.$L = mvr \sin(	heta) = 	ext{constant}$.A

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$A$

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(B) According to Kepler's second law,the angular momentum of a planet revolving around the sun is conserved.$L = mvr \sin(	heta) = 	ext{constant}$.At the perihelion and aphelion,the velocity vector is perpendicular to the radius vector,so $L = mvr$.Since the mass $m$ of the earth is constant,we have $vr = 	ext{constant}$,which implies $v \propto (1/r)$.This means the orbital speed $v$ is inversely proportional to the distance $r$ from the sun.The speed of the earth will be maximum when its distance from the sun is minimum.Looking at the elliptical orbit,the distance is minimum at point $A$ (the perihelion).Therefore,the speed of the earth is maximum at point $A$.

The earth $E$ moves in an elliptical orbit with the sun $S$ at one of the foci as shown in the figure. Its speed of motion will be maximum at the point:

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