The decreasing order of acidity of the following terminal acetylenes is:

In $CH_3(3) - CH_2(2) - CH_2(1) - Cl$,give the increasing order of the inductive effect for carbon atoms $1, 2,$ and $3$.

Fill in the blanks:
$(1)$ In $+E$ effect,$\pi$ electrons from a multiple bond migrate to the ........... .
$(2)$ In $-E$ effect,$\pi$ electrons from a multiple bond migrate to the ........... .
$(3)$ ........... and ........... increase stability.
$(4)$ ........... inductive effect increases the acidic strength and ........... inductive effect decreases the strength of $-COOH$.

Which of the following represents the correct order of stability?

What is the inductive effect? Explain it in detail.

Formic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid. This can be explained using