The correct structural formula of butanoic acid is

What is the $IUPAC$ name of formic acid?

$A$ compound $X$ is formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid $C_{2}H_{4}O_{2}$ and an alcohol in the presence of a few drops of $H_{2}SO_{4}$. The alcohol,upon oxidation with alkaline $KMnO_{4}$ followed by acidification,gives the same carboxylic acid as used in this reaction. Give the names and structures of $(a)$ carboxylic acid,$(b)$ alcohol,and $(c)$ the compound $X$. Also,write the chemical reaction.

An organic compound $A$ on heating with concentrated $H_2SO_4$ forms a compound $B$, which on addition of one mole of hydrogen in the presence of $Ni$ forms a compound $C$. One mole of compound $C$ on combustion forms two moles of $CO_2$ and $3$ moles of $H_2O$. Identify the compounds $A$, $B$, and $C$ and write the chemical equations of the reactions involved.

Which monomer is present in bakelite?

Look at the figure and answer the following questions:
$(a)$ If ethanol is used instead of ethanoic acid,would you expect the same change?
$(b)$ How can a solution of lime water be prepared in the laboratory?