The colour of the X_2 molecules of group 17 e | vedclass

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Question

(C) The colour of halogens arises due to the absorption of light in the visible region,which promotes an electron from the highest occupied molecular

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$B, C$

Vedclass · Answer

(C) The colour of halogens arises due to the absorption of light in the visible region,which promotes an electron from the highest occupied molecular orbital $(HOMO)$ to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital $(LUMO)$.For $X_2$ molecules,the $HOMO$ is the $\pi^*$ orbital and the $LUMO$ is the $\sigma^*$ orbital.As we move down the group from $F_2$ to $I_2$,the size of the atoms increases,leading to a decrease in the energy gap between the $\pi^*$ and $\sigma^*$ orbitals.This decrease in the $HOMO-LUMO$ gap allows for the absorption of light of lower energy (longer wavelength) as we go down the group,resulting in the observed shift in colour from yellow to violet.Thus,both statements $B$ and $C$ describe the same physical phenomenon.

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