The ascent of xylem sap in plants is mainly accomplished by the:

The radius of the first orbit of hydrogen is $r_{H}$,and the energy in the ground state is $-13.6 \text{ eV}$. Considering a $\mu^{-}$-particle with a mass $207 m_e$ revolving around a proton as in a hydrogen atom,the energy and radius of the proton and $\mu^{-}$-combination respectively in the first orbit are (assume the nucleus to be stationary):

If the axes are rotated through an angle $45^{\circ}$ in the positive direction without changing the origin,then the coordinates of the point $(\sqrt{2}, 4)$ in the old system are

At a given instant of time,the position vector of a particle moving in a circle with a velocity $\vec{v} = 3 \hat{i} - 4 \hat{j} + 5 \hat{k}$ is $\vec{r} = \hat{i} + 9 \hat{j} - 8 \hat{k}$. Its angular velocity $\vec{\omega}$ at that time is:

$A$ given mass of a gas is compressed isothermally until its pressure is doubled. It is then allowed to expand adiabatically until its original volume is restored and its pressure is then found to be $0.75$ of its initial pressure. The ratio of the specific heats of the gas is approximately :

Which of the following elements is used in thermometry at high temperatures?