Thallium shows different oxidation states bec | vedclass

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(B) Thallium is a $p$-block element belonging to group $13$ and period $6$.The electronic configuration of Thallium is $[Xe] \, 4f^{14} \, 5d^{10} \,

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Of inert pair effect

Vedclass · Answer

(B) Thallium is a $p$-block element belonging to group $13$ and period $6$.The electronic configuration of Thallium is $[Xe] \, 4f^{14} \, 5d^{10} \, 6s^2 \, 6p^1$.The $d$ and $f$ electrons of inner shells provide poor shielding,which increases the effective nuclear charge on the $6s^2$ electrons,making them reluctant to participate in bonding. This phenomenon is known as the inert pair effect.Due to this effect,the $6s^2$ electrons remain paired,while the $6p^1$ electron is easily lost,leading to the $+1$ oxidation state. The $+3$ state is also possible but less stable than the $+1$ state for Thallium.

Thallium shows different oxidation states because

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