State the effects of cytokinin.

(N/A) Cytokinins are a class of plant growth substances (phytohormones) that promote cell division (cytokinesis). Their primary effects include:
$1$. Promotion of cell division: They play a crucial role in cytokinesis,especially in the presence of auxin.
$2$. Delay of senescence: Cytokinins help in delaying the aging process (senescence) in leaves and other organs by promoting nutrient mobilization.
$3$. Overcoming apical dominance: They promote the growth of lateral buds,thereby counteracting the effect of apical dominance caused by auxins.
$4$. Adventitious shoot formation: They are used in tissue culture to induce the formation of shoots from callus.
$5$. Chloroplast development: They promote the development of chloroplasts in leaves.