(N/A) Soil formation is a complex process involving various environmental influences:
$1$. Abiotic factors: These are non-living components that contribute to the weathering of rocks. Key examples include the sun (causing thermal expansion and contraction),water (causing erosion and chemical weathering),and wind (causing mechanical abrasion).
$2$. Biotic factors: These are living organisms that contribute to soil development. Key examples include lichens (which secrete acids to break down rock surfaces),mosses (which help retain moisture and create organic matter),and trees (whose roots penetrate rock crevices,causing physical breakdown).