Represented below is the inheritance pattern of a certain type of trait in humans. Which one of the following conditions could be an example of this pattern?

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$:

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(a)$ Gain or loss of nitrogen base	$(i)$ Aneuploidy
$(b)$ Gain or loss of segment of $DNA$	$(ii)$ Frame shift
$(c)$ Gain or loss of whole set of chromosome	$(iii)$ Euploidy
$(d)$ Gain or loss of one chromosome	$(iv)$ Chromosomal aberration

Which of the following statements are false?
$I.$ $A$ dominant allele determines the phenotype when paired with a recessive allele.
$II.$ $A$ recessive allele is weaker than a dominant allele.
$III.$ $A$ recessive allele does not show its effects when paired with a dominant allele.
$IV.$ $A$ dominant allele is always better for an organism.

The phenotype of an individual may be affected if the modified allele produces:
$(a)$ No enzyme at all
$(b)$ The normal/less efficient enzyme
$(c)$ $A$ non-functional enzyme

The color of mashed fruit (or fruit skin color in certain varieties) is an example of ........

The $HLA$ antigen present on human white blood cells is expressed by which chromosome?