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(D) The acidity of a compound depends on the stability of its conjugate base. $1$. Compound $3$ ($p$-nitrophenol) is the most acidic because the $-NO_

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$3 > 1 > 4 > 2$

Vedclass · Answer

(D) The acidity of a compound depends on the stability of its conjugate base. $1$. Compound $3$ ($p$-nitrophenol) is the most acidic because the $-NO_2$ group exerts both $-I$ and $-M$ effects,which strongly stabilize the phenoxide ion through resonance and induction. $2$. Compound $1$ ($m$-nitrophenol) is the next most acidic because the $-NO_2$ group exerts only a $-I$ effect from the meta position,which stabilizes the phenoxide ion,but less effectively than the $-M$ effect. $3$. Compound $4$ (phenol) is less acidic than the nitrophenols because the phenoxide ion is stabilized only by resonance with the benzene ring. $4$. Compound $2$ (cyclohexanol) is the least acidic because it is an aliphatic alcohol,and the alkoxide ion formed is destabilized by the $+I$ effect of the alkyl group and lacks resonance stabilization. Therefore,the correct order of decreasing acid strength is $3 > 1 > 4 > 2$.

Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing acid strength (most acidic $\to$ least acidic):

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