(N/A) There have been several instances of local communities working traditionally for the conservation of forests. For example:
$(i)$ The $Bishnoi$ community in Rajasthan,for whom the conservation of forests and wildlife is a religious tenet.
$(ii)$ The $Chipko$ $Andolan$ ('Hug the Trees Movement'),which started in $Reni$ village in $Garhwal$ and spread quickly among communities. In this movement,women used to clasp the tree trunks to prevent their felling. These communities traditionally lop the branches and pluck the leaves,allowing the resources to replenish over time.
$(iii)$ The $sal$ forests of $Arabari$ (in $Bengal$) were saved from degradation through the active and willing participation of the local community. The villagers were given employment in both silviculture and harvesting operations ($25\%$ of the final harvest) and were allowed to collect forest produce upon payment of a nominal fee.