Potato spindle tuber disease is caused by

Lichen with a branched system but a small base is:

Asexual reproduction in lichens occurs through which of the following? $(i)$ Pycniospores $(ii)$ Zoospores $(iii)$ Aplanospores $(iv)$ Soredia $(v)$ Apothecia

Enzymes are absent in

Lichens are a well-known combination of an alga and a fungus,where the fungus has:

Match the following columns.

Column $I$	Column $II$
$(A)$ $DJ$ Ivanowsky	$(i)$ Viroids
$(B)$ $MW$ Beijerinck	$(ii)$ Crystallised virus
$(C)$ $WM$ Stanley	$(iii)$ Contagium vivum fluidum
$(D)$ $TO$ Diener	$(iv)$ Mosaic disease of tobacco