Permanent hardness cannot be removed by

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(C) Permanent hardness is caused by the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of chlorides and sulphates in water. Clark's me

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Clark's method

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(C) Permanent hardness is caused by the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of chlorides and sulphates in water. Clark's method involves the addition of calculated amounts of lime $(Ca(OH)_2)$ to water to remove temporary hardness caused by calcium bicarbonate $(Ca(HCO_3)_2)$ and magnesium bicarbonate $(Mg(HCO_3)_2)$. It is ineffective against permanent hardness,which requires methods like washing soda treatment,Calgon's method,or ion exchange method.

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