On the basis of the thermochemical equations:
$H_{2}O_{(g)} + C_{(s)} \to CO_{(g)} + H_{2(g)} \quad \Delta H = 131 \ kJ$
$CO_{(g)} + \frac{1}{2} O_{2(g)} \to CO_{2(g)} \quad \Delta H = -282 \ kJ$
$H_{2(g)} + \frac{1}{2} O_{2(g)} \to H_{2}O_{(g)} \quad \Delta H = -242 \ kJ$
$C_{(s)} + O_{2(g)} \to CO_{2(g)} \quad \Delta H = X \ kJ$
The value of $X$ will be $.... \ kJ$.

The bond dissociation enthalpy of $X_2$,$\Delta H_{\text{bond}}^{\circ}$,calculated from the given data is $...$ $kJ \ mol^{-1}$. (Nearest integer)
$M^{+}X^{-}_{(s)} \rightarrow M^{+}_{(g)} + X^{-}_{(g)} \quad \Delta H_{\text{lattice}}^{\circ} = 800 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$
$M_{(s)} \rightarrow M_{(g)} \quad \Delta H_{\text{sub}}^{\circ} = 100 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$
$M_{(g)} \rightarrow M^{+}_{(g)} + e^{-}_{(g)} \quad \Delta H_{i}^{\circ} = 500 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$
$X_{(g)} + e^{-}_{(g)} \rightarrow X^{-}_{(g)} \quad \Delta H_{\text{eg}}^{\circ} = -300 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$
$M_{(s)} + \frac{1}{2}X_{2(g)} \rightarrow M^{+}X^{-}_{(s)} \quad \Delta H_{f}^{\circ} = -400 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$
[Given : $M^{+}X^{-}$ is a pure ionic compound and $X$ forms a diatomic molecule $X_2$ in gaseous state]

Standard molar enthalpy of formation,$\Delta _{f}H^{o}$ is just a special case of enthalpy of reaction,$\Delta _{r}H^{o}$. Is the $\Delta _{r}H^{o}$ for the following reaction same as $\Delta _{f}H^{o}$? Give reason for your answer. $CaO_{(s)} + CO_{2_{(g)}} \to CaCO_{3_{(s)}}$; $\Delta _{r}H^{o} = -178.3 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$

The enthalpy of the reaction,$H_{2(g)} + \frac{1}{2}O_{2(g)} \to H_2O_{(g)}$ is $\Delta H_1$ and that of $H_{2(g)} + \frac{1}{2}O_{2(g)} \to H_2O_{(l)}$ is $\Delta H_2$. Then:

The heat of neutralization of which acid and base is close to $-13.6 \ kcal/mol$?

If the bond dissociation energies of $XY$,$X_2$,and $Y_2$ (all diatomic molecules) are in the ratio of $1 : 1 : 0.5$ and $\Delta_f H$ for the formation of $XY$ is $-200 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$,the bond dissociation energy of $X_2$ will be in $kJ \ mol^{-1}$: