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(A) Transition elements are defined as elements that have incompletely filled $d$-orbitals in their ground state or in any of their oxidation states.

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$Zinc$

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(A) Transition elements are defined as elements that have incompletely filled $d$-orbitals in their ground state or in any of their oxidation states. $Zinc$ ($Zn$,atomic number $30$) has the electronic configuration $[Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^2$. In its common oxidation state of $+2$,it forms $Zn^{2+}$ with the configuration $[Ar] 3d^{10}$. Since the $d$-orbital is completely filled in both the ground state and the $+2$ oxidation state,$Zinc$ is not considered a transition element and does not exhibit variable oxidation states.

Name the periodic element,which does not show variable oxidation states.

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