Mutation caused by a mutagen is

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(D) The correct answer is $D$. $1)$ Induced mutations are alterations in the gene after it has come in contact with mutagens or environmental factors.

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Induced

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(D) The correct answer is $D$. $1)$ Induced mutations are alterations in the gene after it has come in contact with mutagens or environmental factors. Mutagens can be chemical (e.g.,nitrous acid) or physical (e.g.,$X$-rays). $2)$ $A$ mutation that occurs by itself without being affected by an external mutagen is called a spontaneous mutation (e.g.,errors during $DNA$ replication). $3)$ Since the question specifies that the mutation is caused by a mutagen,it is classified as an induced mutation. $4)$ Natural or spontaneous mutations are those that occur due to internal factors,whereas mutations caused by external agents are termed induced mutations.

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