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$(A)$ Tonoplast is the membrane that separates the vacuole from the surrounding cytoplasm in a plant cell. It facilitates the transport of ions and ot

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$A-IV; B-III; C-I; D-II$

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$(A)$ Tonoplast is the membrane that separates the vacuole from the surrounding cytoplasm in a plant cell. It facilitates the transport of ions and other materials against concentration gradients into the vacuole, thus maintaining the concentration gradient $(A-IV)$.Contractile vacuole is a specialized organelle found in many freshwater protists like Amoeba. It is responsible for osmoregulation and excretion by collecting excess water and waste from the cytoplasm and expelling it out of the cell $(B-III)$.Food vacuole is formed by the engulfment of food particles through phagocytosis. It contains digestive enzymes that break down the food material $(C-I)$.Air vacuole (or gas vacuole) is a structure found in certain prokaryotes (like blue-green algae) that stores metabolic gases and provides buoyancy $(D-II)$.Therefore, the correct matching is $A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II$.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$A$. Tonoplast	$I$. Contain digestive enzyme
$B$. Contractile vacuole	$II$. Store metabolic gases
$C$. Food vacuole	$III$. Excretion
$D$. Air vacuole	$IV$. Transport of ions in plants

$(a)$ Centrosome	$(i)$ Infoldings in mitochondria
$(b)$ Chlorophyll	$(ii)$ Thylakoids
$(c)$ Cristae	$(iii)$ Nucleic acid
$(d)$ Ribozyme	$(iv)$ Basal body of cilia or flagella

Match column-$I$ with column-$II$ and choose the correct option.
Column-$I$ Column-$II$
$A$. Tonoplast $I$. Contain digestive enzyme
$B$. Contractile vacuole $II$. Store metabolic gases
$C$. Food vacuole $III$. Excretion
$D$. Air vacuole $IV$. Transport of ions in plants

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$(d)$ Ribozyme $(iv)$ Basal body of cilia or flagella

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Match column-$I$ with column-$II$ and choose the correct option.Column-$I$Column-$II$$A$. Tonoplast$I$. Contain digestive enzyme$B$. Contractile vacuole$II$. Store metabolic gases$C$. Food vacuole$III$. Excretion$D$. Air vacuole$IV$. Transport of ions in plants