Is relative motion an absolute condition for inducing an $emf$?

The total charge induced in a conducting loop when it is moved in a uniform magnetic field depends on

In the following figure,the magnet is moved towards the coil with a speed $v$ and the induced $emf$ is $e$. If the magnet and the coil recede away from one another,each moving with speed $v$,the induced $emf$ in the coil will be: (Assume the separation in both cases is the same)

Magnetic flux $\phi$ (in weber) linked with a closed circuit of resistance $10\, \Omega$ varies with time $t$ (in seconds) as $\phi = 5t^2 - 4t + 1$. The induced electromotive force in the circuit at $t = 0.2\, s$ is ......... $V$.

$A$ hundred turns of insulated copper wire are wrapped around an iron cylinder of area $1 \times 10^{-3} \ m^2$ and are connected to a resistor. The total resistance in the circuit is $10 \ \Omega$. If the longitudinal magnetic induction in the iron changes from $1 \ Wb/m^2$ in one direction to $1 \ Wb/m^2$ in the opposite direction,how much charge flows through the circuit?

In electromagnetic induction,the induced $e.m.f.$ in a coil is independent of