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(A) Osmosis occurs when two solutions of different osmotic pressures $(\pi)$ are separated by a semipermeable membrane. The osmotic pressure is given

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$0.1 \ M$ Urea and $0.1 \ M$ $KCl$

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(A) Osmosis occurs when two solutions of different osmotic pressures $(\pi)$ are separated by a semipermeable membrane. The osmotic pressure is given by $\pi = iCRT$,where $i$ is the van't Hoff factor,$C$ is the molar concentration,$R$ is the gas constant,and $T$ is the temperature.For option $A$: $\pi_{Urea} = 1 	imes 0.1 	imes RT = 0.1RT$ and $\pi_{KCl} = 2 	imes 0.1 	imes RT = 0.2RT$. Since $\pi_{Urea} 
eq \pi_{KCl}$,osmosis will occur.For option $B$: $\pi_{Glucose} = 1 	imes 0.2 	imes RT = 0.2RT$ and $\pi_{Urea} = 1 	imes 0.2 	imes RT = 0.2RT$. Since $\pi_{Glucose} = \pi_{Urea}$,they are isotonic and no osmosis occurs.For option $C$: $\pi_{CaCl_2} = 3 	imes 1 	imes 10^{-3} 	imes RT = 3 	imes 10^{-3}RT$ and $\pi_{NaCl} = 2 	imes 1.5 	imes 10^{-3} 	imes RT = 3 	imes 10^{-3}RT$. Since $\pi_{CaCl_2} = \pi_{NaCl}$,they are isotonic and no osmosis occurs.For option $D$: $\pi_{Sucrose} = 1 	imes 0.1 	imes RT = 0.1RT$ and $\pi_{Maltose} = 1 	imes 0.1 	imes RT = 0.1RT$. Since $\pi_{Sucrose} = \pi_{Maltose}$,they are isotonic and no osmosis occurs.Therefore,the correct answer is $A$.

In which of the following pairs of solutions,separated by a semipermeable membrane,will the phenomenon of osmosis take place?

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