In the following resonance structures,the curved arrow indicates that electrons are shifted from:

In $CH_3(3) - CH_2(2) - CH_2(1) - Cl$,give the increasing order of the inductive effect for carbon atoms $1, 2,$ and $3$.

Identify the most stable species in the following set of ions giving reasons.
$(a) \ \stackrel{+}{C} H_{3}, \stackrel{+}{C} H_{2} Br, \stackrel{+}{C} HBr_{2}, \stackrel{+}{C} Br_{3}$
$(b) \ \stackrel{\Theta}{C} H_{3}, \stackrel{\Theta}{C} H_{2} Cl, \stackrel{\Theta}{C} HCl_{2}, \stackrel{\Theta}{C} Cl_{3}$

Consider the following compounds. Hyperconjugation occurs in:

Identify the lowest positive charge developed (indicated by $\delta, \delta_1, \delta_2, \delta_3$) due to the inductive effect in the following compound: $CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-Cl$.

Given below are two statements:
Statement $I$: In $O_2N-C_6H_4-CH^+-C_6H_4-OCH_3$,the carbocation is stabilised by $+R$ effect of $-OCH_3$ group.
Statement $II$: In $O_2N-C_6H_4-CH^--C_6H_4-OCH_3$,the carbanion is stabilised by $-R$ effect of $-NO_2$ group.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below: