In the following reaction,the reason why the | vedclass

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(C) In the presence of concentrated $H_2SO_4$,aniline is protonated to form the anilinium ion $(-NH_3^+)$. The $-NH_3^+$ group is strongly electron-wi

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Formation of anilinium ion

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(C) In the presence of concentrated $H_2SO_4$,aniline is protonated to form the anilinium ion $(-NH_3^+)$. The $-NH_3^+$ group is strongly electron-withdrawing due to its $-I$ effect and is meta-directing. Therefore,during the nitration of aniline,a significant amount of the meta-nitro product is formed due to the presence of the anilinium ion.

In the following reaction,the reason why the meta-nitro product is also formed is:

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