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(D) $1$. $CH_3COOH + SOCl_2 \rightarrow CH_3COCl$ (Compound $A$ is acetyl chloride). $2$. $CH_3COCl + C_6H_6 \xrightarrow{AlCl_3} C_6H_5COCH_3$ (Fried

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$2-$phenyl$-2-$hydroxypropanoic acid

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(D) $1$. $CH_3COOH + SOCl_2 \rightarrow CH_3COCl$ (Compound $A$ is acetyl chloride). $2$. $CH_3COCl + C_6H_6 \xrightarrow{AlCl_3} C_6H_5COCH_3$ (Friedel-Crafts acylation,Compound $B$ is acetophenone). $3$. $C_6H_5COCH_3 + HCN \rightarrow C_6H_5C(OH)(CH_3)CN$ (Nucleophilic addition,Compound $C$ is acetophenone cyanohydrin). $4$. $C_6H_5C(OH)(CH_3)CN + H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_5C(OH)(CH_3)COOH$ (Hydrolysis of nitrile to carboxylic acid,Compound $D$ is $2-$hydroxy$-2-$phenylpropanoic acid).

In the following reaction sequence,the product $D$ is:
$CH_3COOH$ $\xrightarrow{SOCl_2} A$ $\xrightarrow[AlCl_3]{C_6H_6} B$ $\xrightarrow{HCN} C$ $\xrightarrow{H_2O} D$

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In the following reaction sequence,the product $D$ is: $CH_3COOH$ $\xrightarrow{SOCl_2} A$ $\xrightarrow[AlCl_3]{C_6H_6} B$ $\xrightarrow{HCN} C$ $\xrightarrow{H_2O} D$