In the figure,the switch $S$ is closed so that a current flows in the iron-core inductor which has inductance $L$ and the resistance $R$. When the switch is opened,a spark is obtained at the contacts. The spark is due to

  • A
    a slow flux change in $L$
  • B
    a sudden increase in the emf of the battery $B$
  • C
    a rapid flux change in $L$
  • D
    a rapid flux change in $R$

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$A$ coil having $N$ turns and resistance $R$ $\Omega$ is connected to a galvanometer of resistance $6R$ $\Omega$. The magnetic flux linked with this coil changes from $\phi_1$ weber to $\phi_2$ weber in time $t$ second. The induced current in the circuit is

$A$ small circular loop of area $A$ and resistance $R$ is fixed on a horizontal $xy$-plane with the center of the loop always on the axis $\hat{n}$ of a long solenoid. The solenoid has $m$ turns per unit length and carries current $I$ counterclockwise as shown in the figure. The magnetic field due to the solenoid is in $\hat{n}$ direction. $List-I$ gives time dependences of $\hat{n}$ in terms of a constant angular frequency $\omega$. $List-II$ gives the torques experienced by the circular loop at time $t=\frac{\pi}{6\omega}$. Let $\alpha=\frac{A^2 \mu_0^2 m^2 I^2 \omega}{2R}$.
$List-I$$List-II$
$(I)$ $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\sin \omega t \hat{j}+\cos \omega t \hat{k})$$(P)$ $0$
$(II)$ $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\sin \omega t \hat{i}+\cos \omega t \hat{j})$$(Q)$ $-\frac{\alpha}{4} \hat{i}$
$(III)$ $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\sin \omega t \hat{i}+\cos \omega t \hat{k})$$(R)$ $\frac{3\alpha}{4} \hat{i}$
$(IV)$ $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\cos \omega t \hat{j}+\sin \omega t \hat{k})$$(S)$ $\frac{\alpha}{4} \hat{j}$

Which one of the following options is correct?

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