In a plant, tallness is dominant over dwarfness and red flower is dominant over white. Starting with the parents, work out a dihybrid cross. What is the standard dihybrid ratio? Do you think the values would deviate if the two genes in question are interacting with each other?

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(D) The parents are $TTRR$ (Tall Red) and $ttrr$ (Dwarf White).
$F_{1}$ generation: $TtRr$ (Tall Red) $\times$ $TtRr$ (Selfing).
$F_{2}$ generation Punnett Square:
Gametes$TR$$Tr$$tR$$tr$
$TR$$TTRR$ (Tall Red)$TTRr$ (Tall Red)$TtRR$ (Tall Red)$TtRr$ (Tall Red)
$Tr$$TTRr$ (Tall Red)$Ttrr$ (Tall White)$TtRr$ (Tall Red)$Ttrr$ (Tall White)
$tR$$TtRR$ (Tall Red)$TtRr$ (Tall Red)$ttRR$ (Dwarf Red)$ttRr$ (Dwarf Red)
$tr$$TtRr$ (Tall Red)$Ttrr$ (Tall White)$ttRr$ (Dwarf Red)$ttrr$ (Dwarf White)

The standard dihybrid phenotypic ratio is $9:3:3:1$.
Yes, the values would deviate if the two genes interact with each other (e.g., epistasis or complementary gene action), as the independent assortment of traits would be altered.

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