If the strong partner is benefitted and the weak partner is damaged, it is known as

Cattle or goats are never browsing on Calotropis growing in abandoned fields because of the presence of

Pollinator mutualism are special interactions involving ...$A$..., which receive food or a place to lay eggs and ...$B$..., which receive polle from other of their kind.

Choose of correct option for $A$ and $B$

$a.$ Loss of unnecessary sense organs
$b.$ Pressence of adhesive organs
$c.$ Presence of suckers
$d.$ High reproductive capacity
$e.$ Well developed digestive system
Choose correct option w.r.t. parasites

While explaining interspecific interaction of population, $(+)$ sign is assigned for beneficial interaction,$(-)$ sign is assigned for detrimental interaction and $(0)$ for neutral interaction. Which of the following interactions can be assigned $(+)$ for one species and $(-)$ for another species involved in the interaction?

Give the scientific names of any two microorganisms inhabiting the human intestine.