If a wire of resistance $R$ is melted and recast to half of its length,then the new resistance of the wire will be

The table given below provides the resistivity of three samples in $\Omega \cdot m$:

Sample	Resistivity $(\Omega \cdot m)$
$A$	$1.6 \times 10^{-8}$
$B$	$7.5 \times 10^{17}$
$C$	$44 \times 10^{-6}$

$(a)$ Which of them is a good conductor? Which is an insulator? Why?
$(b)$ $A$ wire of resistance $4 \ \Omega$ is folded on itself to double its thickness. Calculate the new resistance of the wire.

Explain the term resistance. Give its $SI$ unit of measurement.

If three resistors of $5 \Omega$,$10 \Omega$,and $15 \Omega$ are connected in series,the equivalent resistance $R$ is equal to ........ (in $Omega$)

$(a)$ What do the following symbols represent in a circuit? Write the name and one function of each.
$(b)$ Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of $12 \, V$,three resistors of $5 \, \Omega$,$10 \, \Omega$,and $20 \, \Omega$ connected in parallel,an ammeter to measure the total current through the circuit,and a voltmeter to measure the potential difference across the combination of resistors.
$(c)$ State any one advantage of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the mains instead of connecting them in series in a household circuit.

$(a)$ Name an instrument that measures electric current in a circuit. Define the unit of electric current.
$(b)$ What do the following symbols mean in an electric circuit?
$(c)$ Draw a closed circuit diagram consisting of a $0.5\, m$ long nichrome wire $XY$,an ammeter,a voltmeter,four cells of $1.5\, V$ each,and a plug key.