Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions.

$(i)$ $4 Na ( s )+ O _{2}( g ) \rightarrow 2 Na _{2} O ( s )$

$(ii)$ $CuO ( s )+ H _{2}( g ) \rightarrow Cu ( s )+ H _{2} O ( l )$

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$(i)$ Sodium $(Na)$ is oxidised as it gains oxygen and oxygen gets reduced.

$(ii)$ Copper oxide $(CuO)$ is reduced to copper $(Cu)$ while hydrogen $(H_2)$ gets oxidised to water $(H_2O)$.

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